Construction Health and Safety Training Manual

Content
1. Introduction1
The purpose of the manual 1

2. Safety organization and management 3
2.1 Safety policies 3
2.2 Safety organization 3
2.2.1 Safety officer/manager 5
2.2.2 Supervisors 6
2.2.3 Workers 6
2.3 Safety committees 6
2.4 Safety representatives 7
2.5 Outside agencies 7
2.5.1 Government intervention 7
2.5.2 International agreements 8

3. Site planning and layout 9
3.1 Site layout 9
3.2 Site tidiness 10

4. Excavations 13
4.1 General measures 13
4.1.1 Hazards 13
4.1.2 Causes of accidents 13
4.1.3 Safety precautions to prevent the collapse of excavations, and falls 13
4.1.4 Inspection 14
4.1.5 Adjoining buildings 14
4.1.6 Edges 14
4.1.7 Vehicles 15
4.1.8 Access 15
4.1.9 Lighting 15
4.2 Buried or underground services 16
4.2.1 Electrical cables 16
4.2.2 Other services 16

5. Scaffolding 19
5.1 Hazards19
5.2 Independent tied scaffolds 19
5.2.1 Ties 20
5.2.2 Working platforms and gangways 20
5.2.3 Guard-rails and toe boards 21
5.3 Single pole or putlog scaffolds 21
5.4 Tower scaffolds 23
5.4.1 Causes of accidents 23
5.4.2 Height limitations 24
5.4.3 Structure 24
5.4.4 The working platform 24
5.4.5 Movement 25
5.5 Trestle scaffolds 25
5.6 Suspended scaffolds 26
5.6.1 Access to the scaffold 26
5.6.2 Suspension ropes 26
5.6.3 The platform 27
5.6.4 Erection and training 27

6. Ladders 29
6.1 Limitations 29
6.2 Secure your ladder 29
6.3 Safe use of ladders 30
6.4 Care of ladders 31
6.5 Stepladders 32

7. Hazardous processes 33
7.1 Roof work 33
7.1.1 Flat roofs 33
7.1.2 Sloping roofs 34
7.1.3 Fragile roofs 34
7.1.4 Crawling boards and roof ladders 36
7.2 Steel erection 37
7.2.1 Design planning 37
7.2.2 Supervision 37
7.2.3 Work preparation 37
7.2.4 Means of access to working areas 38
7.3 Work over water 40
7.4 Demolition 41
7.4.1 Planning and training 41
7.4.2 The demolition process 42
7.4.3 Tanks and vessels 43
7.4.4 Health hazards 43
7.5 Confined spaces 43
7.5.1 Hazards43
7.5.2 Safety precautions 44
7.5.3 Safety and rescue equipment 45
7.6 Piling 46
7.6.1 General precautions 46
7.6.2 Bored piles 46

8. Vehicles47
8.1 Causes of accidents 47
8.2 Safety precautions 47
8.3 Overturning 48
8.4 Loading 49

9. Movement of materials 51
9.1 Cranes 51
9.1.1 Erection 51
9.1.2 Signalling 51
9.1.3 Overloading 51
9.1.4 Safe load indicators 51
9.1.5 Inspection and maintenance 52
9.1.6 Mobile cranes 52
9.1.7 Tower cranes 53
9.1.8 Cranes used in demolition 54

9.1.9 Lifting appliances used as cranes 54
9.1.10 Slings and ropes 54
9.2 Goods hoists 54
9.2.1 Erection 55
9.2.2 Enclosure 55
9.2.3 Safety devices 55
9.2.4 Operation 55
9.2.5 Loads 55
9.2.6 Carriage of persons 55
9.2.7 Testing and examination 55
9.3 Gin or pulley wheels 56
9.3.1 Causes of accidents 56
9.3.2 Safety measures 57
9.4 Manual handling 57
9.4.1 Lifting and carrying58
9.4.2 Lifting technique 58

10. Working positions, tools and equipment 61
10.1 Fitting work to people: Ergonomics 61
10.1.1 Strenuous and heavy physical work 61
10.1.2 Static loads 62
10.1.3 Working postures 62
10.1.4 Sitting and standing positions.63
10.1.5 Work in cabins 63
10.2 Hand tools 63
10.2.1 Selection, use and maintenance64
10.3 Power-driven machinery 64
10.3.1 Hazards 64
10.3.2 Safety precautions 65
10.3.3 Circular saws 66
10.3.4 Compressed air tools 66
10.3.5 Cartridge-operated tools 66
10.4 Electrical equipment 67
10.4.1 Electric shock 67
10.4.2 Treatment for electric shock 68
10.4.3 Existing supplies 68
10.4.4 Electrical installations 68
10.4.5 Portable electrical tools and equipment 69
10.5 Welding and cutting 70
10.5.1 Electric arc welding 70
10.5.2 Gas welding 71
10.5.3 Fumes 71
10.6 Liquefied petroleum gases 71
10.6.1 Storage 72
10.6.2 Handling 72

11. The working environment 73
11.1 Chemical substances 73
11.1.1 Chemicals and their risks 73
11.1.2 Entry into the body 73
11.1.3 Preventive measures 74
11.1.4 Highly flammable chemicals..76
11.2 Hazardous substances 76
11.2.1 Cement 76
11.2.2 Asbestos 77
11.2.3 Lead 78
11.3 AIDS 78
11.3.1 Precautions 78
11.3.2 First aid 79
11.4 Noise and vibration 79
11.4.1 Noise control 79
11.4.2 Hearing protection 80
11.4.3 Vibration 80
11.5 Lighting 80
11.6 Exposure to heat and cold 81
11.6.1 Hot weather 81
11.6.2 How to keep cool 81
11.6.3 Cold weather 81
11.6.4 How to keep warm 82

12. Personal protective equipment (PPE) 83
12.1 Why do you need PPE? 83
12.2 Head protection 83
12.3 Foot protection 83
12.4 Hand and skin protection 85
12.5 Eye protection 85
12.6 Respiratory protection 86
12.6.1 Correct choice of respirator 86
12.7 Safety harness 88

13. Welfare facilities 89
13.1 Why welfare facilities? 89
13.2 Sanitary facilities 90
13.3 Washing facilities 90
13.4 Facilities for supplying food and drink, and eating meals 90
13.4.1 The meal area 91
13.4.2 Drinking-water 91
13.5 Facilities for changing, storing and drying clothes 92
13.6 Rest breaks 92
13.6.1 Frequency of rest breaks 92
13.7 Child-care facilities 92
13.7.1 Basic provisions 92
13.7.2 Watch the children’s movements 92
13.8 First aid 93
13.8.1 Emergency action 93
13.8.2 Equipment and training 94
13.8.3 Moving an injured person 94
13.8.4 Investigation 94
13.9 Fire precautions 94


Total 134 pages 3 mb
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