Fluid-Piping-Systems

Content
1 1. INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 BACKGROUND 3

2 FUNDAMENTALS 4
2.1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS 4
2.2 TYPES OF FLUID FLOW 4
2.3 PRESSURE LOSS IN PIPES 5
2.4 STANDARD PIPE DIMENSIONS 7
2.5 PRESSURE DROP IN COMPONENTS IN PIPE SYSTEMS 7
2.6 VALVES 8

3 COMPRESSED AIR PIPING 12
3.1 INTRODUCTION 12
3.2 PIPING MATERIALS 12
3.3 COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE PIPING 12
3.4 PRESSURE DROP 13
3.5 PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN 14
3.6 COMPRESSED AIR LEAKAGE 16
3.7 LEAKAGE REDUCTION 17

4 STEAM DISTRIBUTION 19
4.1 INTRODUCTION 19
4.2 ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS 19
4.3 SELECTION OF PIPE SIZE 20
4.4 PIPING INSTALLATION 23

5 WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 24
5.1 RECOMMENDED VELOCITIES 24
5.2 RECOMMENDED WATER FLOW VELOCITY ON SUCTION SIDE OF PUMP 25

6 THERMAL INSULATION 26
6.1 INTRODUCTION 26
6.2 HEAT LOSSES FROM PIPE SURFACES 27
6.3 CALCULATION OF INSULATION THICKNESS 28
6.4 INSULATION MATERIAL 29
6.5 RECOMMENDED VALUES OF COLD AND HOT INSULATION 31
6.6 ECONOMIC THICKNESS OF INSULATION 32

7 CASE STUDIES 34
7.1 PRESSURE DROP REDUCTION IN WATER PUMPING 34
7.2 PRESSURE DROP REDUCTION IN COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM 35
7.3 REPLACEMENT OF GLOBE VALVES WITH BUTTERFLY VALVES 35
7.4 REDUCTION IN PRESSURE DROP IN THE COMPRESSED AIR NETWORK 36
7.5 THERMAL INSULATION IN STEAM DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 37
7.6 COMPRESSED AIR LEAKAGE REDUCTION AT HEAVY ENGINEERING PLANT 37
7.7 REDUCING STEAM HEADER PRESSURE 38
ANNEXURE-1: REFERENCES 40


Total 40 pages 1.5 mb
Download